由网友(莫北)分享简介：科罗推多州，位于美国西部，[一]东交堪萨斯州，南界俄克推何马州以及新墨西哥州，西邻犹他州，北取怀俄亮州以及内布推斯添州交界，隶属于美国，面积二六九九九七平方私里，人嘴四八六万。一六－一七世纪，西班牙人以及法国人前后去此。西班牙探险野看到落基山上彩色美丽的岩石，遂将此地与名为“科罗推多”，意为“白色的”。一八零三年美国经由过程科罗...
科罗拉多州，位于美国西部，[1]东接堪萨斯州，南界俄克拉何马州和新墨西哥州，西邻犹他州，北与怀俄明州和内布拉斯加州接壤，隶属于美国，面积269997平方公里，人口486万。
16－17世纪，西班牙人和法国人先后来此。西班牙探险家看到落基山上彩色斑斓的岩石，遂将此地取名为“科罗拉多”，意为“红色的”。1803年美国通过科罗拉多州内共分64个郡。1806年派克斯攀登了以其名字命名的山峰（派克斯峰）。1859年派克斯峰发现金矿，掘金者蜂拥而至。1876年美国独立100周年时建州，故有“百年州”之称，成为美国第38州。
中文名科罗拉多州
行政区类别州
政府驻地丹佛市
人口4753、377
机场丹佛国际机场
参议员马克·尤德尔、麦克·班尼
州树云杉
外文名Colorado -- CO
所属地区美国西南
面积269997平方公里
气候条件年降水量平均仅406毫米
州长约翰·希肯卢珀
主要城镇丹佛、奥罗拉、布頼顿、恩格尔伍德、莱克伍德等
州花薰衣草
历史沿革
科罗拉多州原为阿拉帕霍、切廷内和犹他等部族印第安人居住地。
许多地名为印第安语。弗德台地国家公园中的崖洞是古代印第安普埃布洛人社区的遗址。至今仍有大约9000印第安人住在该州。16－17世纪，西班牙人和法国人先后来此。西班牙探险家看到落基山上彩色斑斓的岩石，遂将此地取名为“科罗拉多”，意为“红色的”。1803年美国通过科罗拉多州内共分64个郡。州府丹佛市（Denver），人口约57万，为科州政治、贸易、金融和制造业中心。科罗拉多斯普林斯市是美国空军军官学校所在地。较大的城市还有奥罗拉和莱克伍德。主要城镇：丹佛、奥罗拉、布頼顿、恩格尔伍德、莱克伍德、阿斯彭、博尔德、科罗拉多斯普林斯、柯林斯堡、大章克申、韦尔。路易斯安那购买协议取得该州东部大片土地。1806年派克斯攀登了以其名字命名的山峰（派克斯峰）。1859年派克斯峰发现金矿，掘金者蜂拥而至。1876年美国独立100周年时建州，故有“百年州”之称，成为美国第38州。
行政区划
| County | FIPS code | County seat | Established | Formed from | Etymolgy | Population | Area | Map | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adams County | 001 | Brighton | 1902-11-15 | Split fromArapahoe County. | Named in honor ofAlva Adams, the 5th, 10th, and 14thGovernorof the State of Colorado. | 441,603 | 1,182.29sqmi (3,062km) | ||
| Alamosa County | 003 | Alamosa | 1913-03-08 | Split fromCostilla CountyandConejos Countycounties. | Named for thecottonwood treeswhich grow along theRio Grandeand its tributaries.Alamosais a Spanish word for acottonwood grove. | 15,445 | 723.21sqmi (1,873km) | ||
| Arapahoe County | 005 | Littleton | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. Renamed South Arapahoe County for the five months from November 15, 1902 to April 11, 1903. | Named for predecessorArapahoe County, Kansas Territory, which in turn was named for theArapaho NationofNative Americans. | 572,003 | 804.41sqmi (2,083km) | ||
| Archuleta County | 007 | Pagosa Springs | 1885-04-14 | Split fromConejos County. | Named in honor ofColorado State SenatorAntonio D. Archuleta. | 12,084 | 1,354.53sqmi (3,508km) | ||
| Baca County | 009 | Springfield | 1889-04-16 | Split fromLas Animas County. | Named in honor of pioneer andColorado territorial legislatorFelipe Baca. | 3,788 | 2,558.48sqmi (6,626km) | ||
| Bent County | 011 | Las Animas | 1870-02-11 | Split fromHuerfano Countyand former Cheyenne and Arapaho tribal land. | Named in honor of frontier traderWilliam Bent. | 6,499 | 1,541.07sqmi (3,991km) | ||
| Boulder County | 013 | Boulder | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named for the abundance ofgranitebouldersalongBoulder Creek. | 294,567 | 740.48sqmi (1,918km) | ||
| City and County of Broomfield | 014 | Broomfield | 2001-11-15 | Split fromBoulder,Adams,Jefferson, andWeldcounties and reorganized as aconsolidated city and county. | Named for thebroom cornthat was formerly grown in the area. | 55,889 | 33.57sqmi (87km) | ||
| Chaffee County | 015 | Salida | 1879-02-10 | Split fromCarbonate County. | Named in honor ofJerome Bunty Chaffee, one ofColorado's first twoU.S. Senatorsfrom 1876 to 1879. | 17,809 | 1,014.12sqmi (2,627km) | ||
| Cheyenne County | 017 | Cheyenne Wells | 1889-03-25 | Split fromElbertandBentcounties. | Named for theCheyenne NationofNative Americans. | 1,836 | 1,781.90sqmi (4,615km) | ||
| Clear Creek County | 019 | Georgetown | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named forClear Creekwhich originates in the county. | 9,088 | 396.53sqmi (1,027km) | ||
| Conejos County | 021 | Conejos | 1861-11-01 | Guadalupe County, one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado, was renamedConejos Countyafter six days on November 7, 1861. | Named for thecottontail rabbitsin the area.Conejosis a Spanish word forrabbits. | 8,256 | 1,290.22sqmi (3,342km) | ||
| Costilla County | 023 | San Luis | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named for the Costilla River.Costillais a Spanish word meaning eitherlittle riborfurring timber. | 3,524 | 1,229.38sqmi (3,184km) | ||
| Crowley County | 025 | Ordway | 1911-05-29 | Split fromOtero County. | Named in honor ofColorado State SenatorJohn H. Crowley. | 5,823 | 800.27sqmi (2,073km) | ||
| Custer County | 027 | Westcliffe | 1877-03-09 | Split fromFremont County. | Named in memory ofGeorge Armstrong Custer, (1839 - 1876), the U.S. Armycoloneldefeated and killed at theBattle of the Little Bighorn. | 4,255 | 739.24sqmi (1,915km) | ||
| Delta County | 029 | Delta | 1883-02-11 | Split fromGunnison County. | Named for the town ofDeltalocated at thedeltaof theUncompahgre River. | 30,952 | 1,149.44sqmi (2,977km) | ||
| City and County of Denver | 031 | Denver | 1902-11-15 | The originalArapahoeCounty Seatwas split fromArapahoe Countyand reorganized as aconsolidated city and county. | Named to curry favor withJames W. Denver,Governorof theTerritory of Kansasfrom 1857 to 1859. | 600,158 | 155.66sqmi (403km) | ||
| Dolores County | 033 | Dove Creek | 1881-03-04 | Split fromOuray County. | Named for theDolores River, which was originally namedel Rio de Nuestra Senora de los Dolores, which is Spanish forthe River of our Lady of Sorrows. | 2,064 | 1,076.93sqmi (2,789km) | ||
| Douglas County | 035 | Castle Rock | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named in honor ofStephen Arnold Douglas, (1813 - 1861),U.S. SenatorfromIllinoisfrom 1847 to 1861. | 285,465 | 842.30sqmi (2,182km) | ||
| Eagle County | 037 | Eagle | 1883-02-11 | Split fromSummit County. | Named for theEagle Riverwhich originates in the county. | 52,197 | 1,700.76sqmi (4,405km) | ||
| El Paso County | 041 | Colorado Springs | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named forUte Passin the county.El pasois a Spanish expression forthe pass. | 622,263 | 2,128.60sqmi (5,513km) | ||
| Elbert County | 039 | Kiowa | 1874-02-02 | Split fromDouglas County. | Named in honor ofSamuel Hitt Elbert, the sixthGovernorof theTerritory of Colorado. | 23,086 | 1,849.08sqmi (4,789km) | ||
| Fremont County | 043 | Cañon City | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named in honor ofJohn Charles Frémont(1813 - 1890), the explorer, U.S. Army general, andU.S. SenatorfromCalifornia. | 46,824 | 1,533.09sqmi (3,971km) | ||
| Garfield County | 045 | Glenwood Springs | 1883-02-10 | Split fromSummit County. | Named in honor ofJames Abram Garfield(1831 - 1881), the twentiethPresident of the United States. | 56,389 | 2,958.23sqmi (7,662km) | ||
| Gilpin County | 047 | Central City | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named in honor ofWilliam Gilpin, the firstGovernorof theTerritory of Colorado. | 5,441 | 150.15sqmi (389km) | ||
| Grand County | 049 | Hot Sulphur Springs | 1874-02-02 | Split fromSummit County. | Named for theGrand Riverwhich originates in the county. The Grand River was renamed theColorado Riverin 1921, but the county retains the original name. | 14,843 | 1,868.53sqmi (4,839km) | ||
| Gunnison County | 051 | Gunnison | 1877-03-09 | Split fromLake County. | Named in honor ofJohn Williams Gunnison, the U.S. Army captain who explored the region. | 15,324 | 3,259.22sqmi (8,441km) | ||
| Hinsdale County | 053 | Lake City | 1874-02-10 | Split fromLake,Conejos, andCostillacounties. | Named in honor of George Aaron Hinsdale, a Lieutenant Governor of theTerritory of Colorado. | 843 | 1,123.35sqmi (2,909km) | ||
| Huerfano County | 055 | Walsenburg | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named forHuerfano Butte, a solitary volcanic plug.Huerfanois a Spanish word meaningorphan. | 6,711 | 1,592.37sqmi (4,124km) | ||
| Jackson County | 057 | Walden | 1909-05-05 | Split fromLarimer County. | Named in honor ofAndrew Jackson(1767 - 1845), the seventhPresident of the United States. | 1,394 | 1,619.75sqmi (4,195km) | ||
| Jefferson County | 059 | Golden | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named for its extralegal predecessor county,Jefferson County, Jefferson Territory, which in turn was named in honor ofThomas Jefferson(1743 - 1826), the author of theDeclaration of Independenceand the thirdPresident of the United States. | 534,543 | 772.85sqmi (2,002km) | ||
| Kiowa County | 061 | Eads | 1889-04-11 | Split fromBent County. | Named for theKiowa NationofNative Americans. | 1,398 | 1,785.90sqmi (4,625km) | ||
| Kit Carson County | 063 | Burlington | 1889-04-11 | Split fromElbert County. | Named in honor ofChristopher Houston "Kit" Carson, the famous frontier scout and soldier. | 8,270 | 2,162.43sqmi (5,601km) | ||
| La Plata County | 067 | Durango | 1874-02-10 | Split fromLakeandConejoscounties. | Named for the manysilverdeposits in the area.La platais a Spanish expression forthe silver. | 51,334 | 1,700.44sqmi (4,404km) | ||
| Lake County | 065 | Leadville | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. RenamedCarbonate Countyfor the two days from February 8–10, 1879. | Named for theTwin Lakesin the county. | 7,310 | 383.55sqmi (993km) | ||
| Larimer County | 069 | Fort Collins | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named in honor ofWilliam Larimer, a pioneer entrepreneur. | 299,630 | 2,631.75sqmi (6,816km) | ||
| Las Animas County | 071 | Trinidad | 1866-02-09 | Split fromHuerfano County. | Named for theAnimas River, which was originally namedel Rio de las Animas Perdidas, which is Spanish forthe River of the Souls in Purgatory. | 15,507 | 4,773.27sqmi (12,363km) | ||
| Lincoln County | 073 | Hugo | 1889-04-11 | Split fromElbertandBentcounties. | Named in honor ofAbraham Lincoln(1809 - 1865), the sixteenthPresident of the United States. | 5,467 | 2,585.21sqmi (6,696km) | ||
| Logan County | 075 | Sterling | 1887-02-25 | Split fromWeld County. | Named in honor ofJohn Alexander Logan(1826 - 1886), a U.S. Army general andU.S. SenatorfromIllinois. | 22,709 | 1,845.31sqmi (4,779km) | ||
| Mesa County | 077 | Grand Junction | 1883-02-14 | Split fromGunnison County. | Named for themesaformations which are widespread through the area. | 146,723 | 3,345.69sqmi (8,665km) | ||
| Mineral County | 079 | Creede | 1893-03-27 | Split fromHinsdale,Rio Grande, andSaguachecounties. | Named from the plentifulmineraldeposits found in the area. | 712 | 878.16sqmi (2,274km) | ||
| Moffat County | 081 | Craig | 1911-02-27 | Split fromRoutt County. | Named in honor of railroad pioneerDavid H. Moffat. | 13,795 | 4,755.86sqmi (12,318km) | ||
| Montezuma County | 083 | Cortez | 1889-04-16 | Split fromLa Plata County. | Named in honor ofAztecleaderMoctezuma II. Ruins in the area were once thought to be Aztec. | 25,535 | 2,035.80sqmi (5,273km) | ||
| Montrose County | 085 | Montrose | 1883-02-11 | Split fromGunnison County. | Named for the town ofMontrose, which in turn was probably named from the novelA Legend of Montrose, published in 1819 byWalter Scott. | 41,276 | 2,246.43sqmi (5,818km) | ||
| Morgan County | 087 | Fort Morgan | 1889-02-19 | Split fromWeld County. | Named for oldFort Morgan, which in turn was named in honor of U.S. Army ColonelChristopher A. Morgan. | 28,159 | 1,293.83sqmi (3,351km) | ||
| Otero County | 089 | La Junta | 1889-03-25 | Split fromBent County. | Named in honor ofMiguel A. Oteroof the prominent Otero family of theSouthwest. | 18,831 | 1,267.66sqmi (3,283km) | ||
| Ouray County | 091 | Ouray | 1877-01-18 | Split fromHinsdaleandLakecounties. RenamedUncompaghre Countyfor four days from 1883-02-27, to 1883-03-02. | Named in honor ofOuray, aUteNative Americanleader. | 4,436 | 542.30sqmi (1,405km) | ||
| Park County | 093 | Fairplay | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named forSouth Parkwhich occupies most of the county. | 16,206 | 2,209.36sqmi (5,722km) | ||
| Phillips County | 095 | Holyoke | 1889-03-27 | Split fromLogan County. | Named in honor of R.O. Phillips, secretary of the Lincoln Land Company, which sold farmsteads in the area. | 4,442 | 688.30sqmi (1,783km) | ||
| Pitkin County | 097 | Aspen | 1881-02-23 | Split fromGunnison County. | Named in honor ofFrederick Walker Pitkin, the secondGovernorof the State of Colorado. | 17,148 | 970.37sqmi (2,513km) | ||
| Prowers County | 099 | Lamar | 1889-04-11 | Split fromBent County. | Named in honor of John W. Prowers, a pioneer of theArkansas Rivervalley. | 12,551 | 1,645.37sqmi (4,261km) | ||
| Pueblo County | 101 | Pueblo | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named for historic town ofPueblo.Pueblois a Spanish word meaningvillageorpeople. | 159,063 | 2,396.77sqmi (6,208km) | ||
| Rio Blanco County | 103 | Meeker | 1889-03-25 | Split fromGarfield County. | Named for theWhite River, which was originally namedRio Blancoin Spanish. | 6,666 | 3,226.24sqmi (8,356km) | ||
| Rio Grande County | 105 | Del Norte | 1874-02-10 | Split fromCostilla CountyandConejos Countycounties. | Named for theRio Grande, which flows through the area. | 11,982 | 913.10sqmi (2,365km) | ||
| Routt County | 107 | Steamboat Springs | 1877-01-29 | Split fromGrand County. | Named in honor ofJohn Long Routt, the firstGovernorof the State of Colorado. | 23,509 | 2,362.11sqmi (6,118km) | ||
| Saguache County | 109 | Saguache | 1866-12-29 | Split fromLakeandCostillacounties. | Name comes from aUte languagenoun meaning "sand dunes". | 6,108 | 3,168.32sqmi (8,206km) | ||
| San Juan County | 111 | Silverton | 1876-01-31 | Split fromLake County. | Named for theSan Juan RiverandSan Juan Mountains, which in turn were named forSaint John the Evangelist. | 699 | 388.99sqmi (1,007km) | ||
| San Miguel County | 113 | Telluride | 1883-03-02 | Split fromSan Juan County. | Named for theSan Miguel RiverandSan Miguel Mountains, which in turn were named forSaint Michael the Archangel. | 7,359 | 1,290.76sqmi (3,343km) | ||
| Sedgwick County | 115 | Julesburg | 1889-04-09 | Split fromLogan County. | Named for Fort Sedgwick, which, in turn, was named for U.S. Army GeneralJohn Sedgwick(1813 - 1864). | 2,379 | 548.83sqmi (1,421km) | ||
| Summit County | 117 | Breckenridge | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named for the many highmountain summitsin the area. | 27,994 | 618.92sqmi (1,603km) | ||
| Teller County | 119 | Cripple Creek | 1899-03-23 | Split fromEl PasoandFremontcounties. | Named in honor ofHenry Moore Teller, aU.S. SenatorfromColoradoandUnited States Secretary of the Interior. | 23,350 | 558.58sqmi (1,447km) | ||
| Washington County | 121 | Akron | 1887-02-09 | Split fromWeld County. | Named in honor ofGeorge Washington(1732 - 1799), the firstPresident of the United States. | 4,814 | 2,522.90sqmi (6,534km) | ||
| Weld County | 123 | Greeley | 1861-11-01 | Created as one of the 17 original counties of theTerritory of Colorado. | Named in honor of Lewis Ledyard Weld, the first Secretary of theTerritory of Colorado. | 252,825 | 4,013.84sqmi (10,396km) | ||
| Yuma County | 125 | Wray | 1889-03-15 | Split fromWashington County. | Named for theQuechan (Yuma) NationofNative Americans. | 10,043 | 2,369.61sqmi (6,137km) |
地理环境
科罗拉多州位于美国西部，洛矶山脉东侧，西部地形以高山
和丘陵为主，东部则是高原地形。全州平均高度海拔2072米，为50个州中地势最高的一个州。落基山脉的埃尔伯特峰海拔4402米，为该州最高峰。落基山脉以东为科罗拉多山前地带，宽80公里，长440公里，地表呈波状起伏。山前地带面积为全州的34%，人口占全州的80%。再往东属高平原地区，气温干旱，年降水量平均仅406毫米，70%为夏雨。落基山脉纵贯本州中部，构成著名的大陆分水岭，东部属大西洋流域，西部属太平洋流域。落基山地东坡的普拉特河及阿肯色河都是密西西比河的支流，格兰德河南流入新墨西哥州，最后注入墨西哥湾。科罗拉多河由此州向西南流，注入加利福尼亚湾。州内落基山地以西，多未开发，有小片印第安人保留区。气候温和，丹佛的7月均温为23℃，1月均温为－2℃。自然资源
科罗拉多州盛产矿产，以金、银。现以钼、铀、锌、钒、铜、铅、石油、煤和天然气为主。 钼产量居全国首位。人口比例
科罗拉多州人口486万，位居全美第24位，其中白
人占总人口的82.8%，拉美裔、黑人、亚太裔分别占总人口的19.7%、3.7%和2.8%。经济概况
科罗拉多州经济传统上以矿产开发和农业为主，自然资源非常丰富，主要包括森林、煤、原油、天然气、金、银、各种石料等。农产品主要有玉米、水果、牛肉、各类蔬菜。为摆脱过
份依赖矿业和农业的局面，科罗拉多州政府一直以经济的“多元化”为主导目标，现已成为美国制造业、旅游业、服务业、通讯和高科技业、交通运输业较为发达的州。其中旅游收入在美各州中排名第8位，特别是冬季以滑雪胜地而闻名。主要旅游景点：岩石山国家公园、科罗拉多国家历史文物、恐龙国家历史文物、大的沙丘国家历史文物和自然保护区、盛大Mesa 国家森林、派克国家森林、罗斯福国家森林、圣·伊莎贝尔国家森林、白色河国家森林、西部麋自然保护区。
社会事业
罗拉多州公共教育、文化事业较发达，州内大学
在能源、采矿技术、环境保护、生物技术、药学、遗传学、新型材料、航天、气象学、电讯和计算机领域的研究属世界领先水平。目前有科罗拉多州矿业学院、科罗拉多州州立大学、科罗拉多大学等8所著名高等院校、81所大专院校、1771多所公立学校和499所私立学校，在校生86万。丹佛大学国际关系学院设有美中合作中心。州立大学：科罗拉多大学、科罗拉多大学圆石市分校、科罗拉多大学科罗拉多泉分校、科罗拉多大学丹佛分校、科罗拉多州立大学、科罗拉多矿业学院、北科罗拉多大学、亚当斯州立学院、科罗拉多西方州立学院、南科罗拉多大学、路易斯堡学院、科罗拉多技术学院、大都会州立学院、美国空军军官学校。
私立大学：丹佛大学（University of Denver）、洛雷多高原学院、瑞吉斯学院、科罗拉多学院。
服务业
科罗拉多州是一个文化和历史中心，拥有丰
富的旅游资源，冬季是滑雪胜地，夏季是登山者的好去处。落基山国家公园和梅莎尔地国家公园是该州最受欢迎的景点。全美奥林匹克集训中心在科罗拉多州，主要报纸有《丹佛邮报》和《落基山新闻》。友好城市
1984年1月23日，科州与湖南省建立友好省州关系；科州的普韦布洛市与山东潍坊市建立友好城市关系；丹佛市与昆明市于1986年5月15日建立友好城市关系；博尔德与拉萨于1987年4月10日建立友好城市关系，美方于1989年11月14日无故中止。交通情况
科罗拉多州发达的高速公路和铁路系统使它成为了一个主要
的商品分拨中心，科罗拉多州境内的公路总长9200英里，州际间高速公路954英里，最主要的25及40号州际公路与该州境内四通八达的联邦和州道路构成绵密便利之交通网。丹佛附近的埃文斯山上的公路海拔3400米，是美国海拔最高的公路。铁路设施方面，有五条主要铁道连接美国各主要港口。丹佛国际机场是世界上最繁忙的机场之一（在全美各机场中排名第六位），每天约有1400架次的飞机起落，每年约有3800万人次的旅客。著名人物
埃里克·康奈尔（1961-）：物理学家，因在玻色-爱因斯坦
凝聚方面的成就而获诺贝尔物理奖约翰·Q·威尔森（James Q. Wilson ， 1931–2012）：政治科学学者，以公共管治方面的研究最为知名
尼古拉·特斯拉（1856–1943）：电机发明家、工程师
露丝·韩德尔（Ruth Handler，1916-2002）：芭比玩偶的发明人
威拉得·利比（1908－1980）：放射性碳定年法的发明人，诺贝尔化学奖
范朋克（1883－1939）：电影演员
杰克·丹姆西（Jack Dempsey，1895-1983）：世界重量级拳击冠军
约翰·丹佛（1943－1997）：民歌歌手
乔治·伽莫夫（1904－1968）：物理学家、宇宙学家、科普作家，热大爆炸宇宙学模型的创立者
赫伯特·克勒默（1928－）：诺贝尔物理奖得主，以半导体的研究为主
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