人教版初一上册英语第一单元知识点
【导语】学习时集中精力，养成良好学习习惯，是节省学习时间和提高学习效率的最为基本的方法。
【篇一】
1. 短语归纳： good morning 早上好 good afternoon 下午好 good evening 晚上好 name list 名单 an english name 英文名字 2. 必背典句： (1) good morning, alice! 早上好，艾丽斯! (2) good afternoon! 下午好! (3) hi, bob! 你好，鲍勃! (4) hello, frank! 你好，弗兰克! (5) good evening 晚上好! (6) —how are you? 你好吗? —i’m fine, thanks.how are you? 我很好，谢谢。你好吗? —i’m ok. 我很好。 3.英语中常见的问候语 在英语中，见面时的问候语有很多常用的有： ① hello! “你好!”是比较随便、不分时间的一种问候语，通常用于打招呼、打电话。表示惊讶或引起对方注意。对方应答仍用hello! ② hi! “你好!”的使用比hello!更随便，在青年人中使用更为普遍。 ③ nice to meet you! “很高兴见到你!”是两个初次见面、经介绍相识的人互相打招呼的用于。回答时可以说nice to meet you,too.或者me, too.表示“见到你很高兴” ④ how do you do? “你好!”用于初次见面，是非正式的打招呼用语。对方应答语应是“how do you do?” howare you? 表示问候 how are you? 意为“你好吗?”，为询问对方身体状况的问候语，应答语一般是“i’m fine. thankyou. / i’m very well. thank you. / i’m ok. how are you? 的其他用法：习惯上回答完别人的问候后，常可反问对方的身体状况，此时可用how are you?也可用and you? “你呢?” 3. 大写字母的用法： ①在英语中，句子的第一个单词的第一个字母都应大写。 sit down, please. 请坐。 ②字母i作人称代词时，意为“我”，在句中任何位置都必须大写。日常用语“ok”在句中任何位置都大写。i’m a student. 我是一名学生。 is everythingok? 一切都好吗? ③人名、地名、国名、某国人或某种语言等专有名词的第一个字母都必须大写。 lucy 露西 china 中国 beijing 北京 chinese 中国人 ④表示月份、星期、重要节日的名词的第一个字母必须大写。 may 五月 monday 星期一 new year’s day 元旦 ⑤ 电影名、书名、报刊、文章的标题等中的每一个实词(如：名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词)的第一个字母一般大写。 english weekly 《英语周报》 titanic 《泰坦尼克号真相》 ⑥ 某些缩略词的每一个字母都必须大写。 rmb 人民币 cctv 中国中央电视台 pk 挑战，对决 ⑦ 表示职业、头衔和称呼的名词的第一个字母通常要大写。 uncle lee 李叔叔 doctor wang 王医生 4. 字母a-h的读音及大小写 5. a-h的音标 【篇二】
unit1.myname’sgina. 短语句型：总结了初中英语教学，初中英语单词，初中英语作文，初中英语辅导中务必掌握的英语考点。 1，问姓名的方式：what’syourname？mayihaveyourname 回答姓名的方式myname’sjenny./i’mjenny./jenny. 姓：lastname/familyname 名字：firstname/givenname。 2，问电话的方式what’syourtelephone/phonenumber？ it’s555-3539. 3，回答这个问题answerthequestion 4，这个问题的答案theanswertothequestion这把锁的钥匙thekeytothelock 5，family集合名词（这个词是郑州中考英语的重点词汇之一，要重点把握，决胜河南中招英语） 作为“家庭”讲，谓语动词用单数myfamilyislarge 作为“家庭成员”讲，谓语动词为复数myfamilyarewatchingtv
初一上册英语单元知识点人教版
1、unit 1 --unit 2(1)问候语：good morning/ afternoon/ evening.how are you?---just ok, thank you. how are you?---not bad, thanks.hi! hello!how do you do?(2)道别用语：nice/ glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面，see用于熟人间)nice to meet/ see you, too.goodbye. byebye. bye. see you (later/ tomorrow/ next time)! so long! good night!(3)介绍人或者物的句型：this is...(4)excuse me.与i'm sorry.的区别：excuse me.是要引起对方的注意，而i'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。(5)词组be from = come from(6)当问句中问到this/ that时，回答要用it;问到these/ those时，要用they来回答。 例如： what's this in english?----it's an eraser.what are those?----they are books.(7)对thanks.的回答：that's ok./ you're welcome./ my pleasur.(8)look the same = have the same looksgive sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.be like = look likein the tree/ on the tree (树上结的、长出来的用on，否则用in)in red(穿着红色的衣服)in the desk(在空间范围之内)in english(用英语)help sb. do sth.(9)both与all的区别：both表示"两者都......";all表示"三者及以上都......"。2、unit 3--unit 4(1)speak的用法speak与say不同：speak表示"说"的动作，不表示"说"的内容;say则表示"说"的内容。speak后面除了能接"语言"外，不能直接接东西，后面加了to则表示"对......说"。help sb. with sth.(帮助某人做/补习......)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do sth.not...at all(一点都不);not at all.(没关系/别介意)like...a lot = like...very much(2)some和any的区别：口诀：some用于肯定句，否定、疑问变any。例如：i have some money.i don't have any money.do you have any money?(3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)(4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)祈使句一般都省略了主语you，所以其否定句直接用don't开头。例如：don't go there!(5)问职业：what does sb. do?what is sb.?what's sb.'s job?(6)work与job的区别：work是未必有报酬的"工作"，例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的"工作"。(7)on指在物体的表面，不论这个面是否水平的，例如：on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground(8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)look after(照料/照顾/照看)help oneself(请自便/随便吃)(9)表示"建议"的句型："做某事如何?"what about (doing) sth.? (英式英语)how about (doing) sth.? (美式英语)why don't you do sth.? = why not do sth.?(10)"吃"一日三餐要用have：have breakfast/ lunch/ supperhave...for breakfast/ lunch/ suppertake one's orderbe kind to sb.(11)try on这个词组可合可分：名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面，但代词只能放在词组的中间。(12)在口语中往往用take表示"买"。(13)how many与how much的区别：how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词(14)what do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法;how do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。think about(考虑)thank you all the same. (即使对方没能帮上忙，也要礼貌道谢)thanks. = thank you.(thank作为动词，不能单独使用。)(15)one与it的区别：当上下文说的是同一种类事物时，任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如：ann ：i have a yellow bag.jane ：i have a green one.tom ： hey, mike. where is your bike?mike ： look, it's over there.(16)倒装句here you are.here it is.(17)be free (有空/免费)forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)what's up? = what's wrong with...? = what's the matter with...?(18)go + v.-ing结构的含义：为了实现某目的才去的。例如：go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等(19)have to do sth.(非主观因素，强调客观因素，"不得不去做某事")must 则表示主观愿望(20)fly a kite = fly kitesbe free = have time(21)句型"该干某事了。"：it's time to do sth. = it's time for sth.例如：该吃午饭了.it's time to have lunch. = it's time for lunch.(22)时间的表述当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时，用"分钟"past"小时"。例如：8：23--twenty-three past eight当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时，用"剩余的时间"to"下一个整点"。例如：8：49--eleven to nine当然，还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间，例如：8：23--eight twenty-three; 8:49--eight forty-nine整点则在数词后加"-o'clock"，例如：8：00--eight o'clock在钟点前介词要用at.
初一英语上册第一单元知识点
这篇关于初一英语上册第一单元知识点，是
短语句型：总结了初中英语教学，初中英语单词，初中英语作文，初中英语辅导中务必掌握的英语考点。
1，问姓名的方式：what’syourname？mayihaveyourname
回答姓名的方式myname’sjenny./i’mjenny./jenny.
姓：lastname/familyname
名字：firstname/givenname。
2，问电话的方式what’syourtelephone/phonenumber？
it’s555-3539.
3，回答这个问题answerthequestion
4，这个问题的答案theanswertothequestion这把锁的钥匙thekeytothelock
5，family集合名词（这个词是郑州中考英语的重点词汇之一，要重点把握，决胜河南中招英语）
作为“家庭”讲，谓语动词用单数myfamilyislarge
作为“家庭成员”讲，谓语动词为复数myfamilyarewatchingtv
初一英语上册第一单元知识点2015
1. 介绍自己：my name’s+名字 我的名字叫....../ i’m+名字 我是......
2.询问姓名
1)what’s your name? 你叫什么名字?
alan艾伦 / my name’s alan我的名字叫艾伦 / i’m alan 我叫艾伦
what’s = what is name’s = name is i’m = i am
2)what’s his name? 他叫什么名字?
his name’s eric 他的名字叫埃里克。/ he’s eric . 他叫埃里克。 ( he’s = he is )
3)what’s her name?她叫什么名字?
her name’s mary. 她的名字叫玛丽。/ she’s mary. 她叫玛丽。
( she’s = she is )
3. nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。(初次见面用语。)回答nice to meet you. 或nice to meet you, too.
4. how do you do? 你好!回答：how do you do? 你好!
5. mr ，mrs ，miss 和ms
mr ['mistə(r)] 先生
miss [mis] 小姐，女士;(年轻未婚女子)
mrs ['misiz] 太太;夫人(用于已婚妇女姓名前)
ms. [miz] 女士
6. is he jack? 他是杰克吗?
yes, he is. 是的，他是。
no, he isn’t. his name’s mike. 不，他不是。他的名字叫迈克。
7. are you helen? 你是海伦吗?
yes, i am.是的，我是。/ no, i’m not. i’m gina. 不，我不是。我是吉娜。
8.英美人的姓名与中国人的姓名顺序相反，名在前，姓在后。如jim green, 名是jim，姓是green。 △名字：first name(第一个名字)或 given name 姓氏：last name(最后的名字)或family name(家族的名字) 全名：full name
9. 问电话号码： what’s your/his/her telephone number?
it’s + 号码.
电话号码的读法：用基数词按顺序读出。“0”可读oo或zero.
10. is/am/are的用法：
i用am, you用are. 1) i am 14, how old are you? 我14岁，你多大了?
is连着他/她/它 2) he/she is a student.他/她是个学生。what color is it?
单数用is,复数用are. 3) the key is yellow. 钥匙是黄色的。
4)he and i are students. 他和我都是学生。
11. id card 身份证
12. three and five is eight. 三加五等于八。
what’s nine and seven? 九加七等于几?
初一英语上册第三单元知识点
1. 人称代词和物主代词人称代词 主格 i 我 you 你 he他 she她 it它 we我们 you你们 they他们宾格 me 我 you 你 him他 her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他们物主代词 形容词性 my 我的 your你的 his他的 her她的 its它的 our我们的 your你们的 their他们的名词性 mine我的 yours你的 his他的 hers她的 its它的 ours我们的 yours你们的 theirs他们的1) 人称代词作主语时用主格;作宾语时用宾格;作表语时用主格或宾格，但在口语中常用宾格。① i am hungry, please give me something to eat.我饿了，请给我一些吃的东西。(作主语) (作宾语)②( ) like ( ), and ( ) likes ( ) , too.我喜欢她，她也喜欢我。③ who told him that news? 谁告诉他那个消息的? it’s me/i. 是我。2) 并列人称代词的排列顺序：人称代词在并列使用时，单数的顺序是第二人称→第三人称→第一人称;复数的顺序是第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。you, he, and i你，我，他 you and i我和你 he and i 我和他you and he 你和他we and you 我们和你们 you and they 你们和他们we, you and they我们，你们和他们
初二英语上册知识点第一单元
这篇关于《初二英语上册知识点第一单元》，是
询问别人做某事的频繁程度
提问用 how often 引导特殊疑问句
回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。
例句：a: how often do you watch tv?(你多长时间看一次电视？)
b: i watch tv every day.(我每天都看电视。)
a: what's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么？)
b: it's animal world.(是《动物世界》。)
a: how often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目？)
主要频率副词的等级排序：
always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
隔一段时间做某事数次用 数词 + 时间间隔 的结构构成。如：
once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词 once)
twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词 twice)
three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用 基数词 + times 的结构构成)
four times a year 一年四次
重点短语：how often 多久一次
as for 至于；关于
how many 多少（针对可数名词）
how much 多少（针对不可数名词）
of course = sure 当然；确信
look after = take care of = care for 照顾；照看
a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多；大量
every day 每一天
every night 每晚
hardly ever 几乎不
be good for 对……有益
be good for one's health 有益健康
try to do sth. 尝试做某事
get good grades 取得好成绩
help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事
kind of 有点
want [sb.] to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事
keep in good health 保持健康
no two men think alike. 人心各异。
初二英语上册知识点：第一单元
这篇关于《初二英语上册知识点：第一单元》，是
1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。
2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用现在进行时，结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing
3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next....用一般将来时，结构：will + v原 be going to +v原(没有动词用be )
4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般过去时动词加ed
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 every day每天,
write down 写下，记下write it (them) down everyday每天的，日常的,
how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样 each other 互相.
thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢
回答that's all right. =you're welcome.= that'ok.= it's my pleasure.=not at all.why don't you+v原...=why not+...v原 为什么不
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人 help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事
with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物
watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，(现在没有做，做过)
watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, hear类似
remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth.相起记得做过某事
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
welcome back欢迎回来 , new term新学期
this term这学期 , next term 下学学期,
last term上学期, give you some advice给你一些建议,
why not 为什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误,
correct spelling正确的拼写, what else?=what other things? 还有什么
a piece of advice 一条建议, follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议,
send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人 send for派人去请/取
send up发射. all the time一直
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快
lots of =a lot of =many(可数)much(不可数)许多 , ,
spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事
sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事
sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物
sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物
cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱
pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付钱
take: it takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间
ask for 请求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一块
enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式v-ing
place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面
else常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格为else's.
take a deep breath深呼吸, catchhold one's breath屏住呼吸,
out of breath上气不接下气, wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,
the number of …的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单, a number of =many,大量，许多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式。a large number of， a small number of ,
invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.发现做某事怎么样
try to do sth.尽力做事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事try not to do sth .尽力不做某事 try one's best尽某人的努力,
a group of 一组，一群, borrow sth from sb.从某人处借入某物,
lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物 keep借一段时间
practice doing sth.,练习做做某事 come from=be from来自,
look for 寻找, look after=care for=take care of照顾
look up 向上看，查阅, look like看起来像,
look at 看着, look on sb. as把某人看作,
look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事 look over检查，翻阅 ,
look out当心，向外看 , look through仔细查看,
be ready for =get ready for=prepare for为…, be ready准备好 ,
be (get ) ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事 translate…into… 将…译成…，
take a message捎个信， leave a message留个信，
be good for 对…有好处， be good at =do well in擅长于…
be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅长… think of 想起，
think about想出， think over仔细考虑，
else修饰不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,
nobody和who, what,when,where时放后，
四说，1,speak说语言，2.say说内容，3,talk与谁说，4,tell告诉，讲述，
四看，1,watch观看电视，比赛和表演，2,see看人，电影，医生，风景，
3,read看书，报，4,look就看。 看场电影要用see，读书看报用read 电视、戏剧、比赛，凡是表演用watch,observe细观察，一时注意用notice.
make+宾语+补足语(形容词)使某人某物怎么样。
.make+宾语+do 让某人做某事
make+宾语+过去分词 使某人被怎么样;make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，
hear of听说， hear from收到某人的来信，
be bad for对…有害， it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.写性格，品质 kind, good
nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。
it is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 对物的评价difficult,easy hard,dangerous,important,等
write to… 给…写信， next to 在…旁边，
do some concerts办音乐会， speak to sb.和某人讲话，
say hello to sb. 给某人问好， say bye to sb.向某人说再见，
show sb. around somewhere带某人参观某地， learn sth from sb.向某人学习
choose the correct answers选择正确答案, correct the mistakes改错,
match …with…把…和…搭配起来
建议：1.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?
2.how about doing sth?=what about doing sth?
3.you should /can do sth. 4.remember to do sth.
5.don't forget to do sth. 6.can you do sth ?
7.let's do sth. 8.it'sa good idea to do
9.would you like to do ? 10.shall we do
11.you'd better (not )do sth.
回答：that's a good idea.thanks a lot.
great, ok. that's right. all right. good idea. sure.二、句型
1. 疑问词 how 的用法
(1) 怎样，用什么手段，方法/交通工具
how are you? / how is she?
how did he do it? / i don't know how to swim.
how do you come to school?
(2) 情况如何(指身体健康状况) how are you?
(3) how many，how much 表示"多少"其中how much 还可以表示钱数。
how many 后接可数名词复数，how much 接不可数名词。
how many times do you go to the park?
how many pens do you want?
how much water do we drink every day?
how much are those pants?
(4) how often 是对动作发生的“次数”提问，询问的是频率“多久一次”
回答可以是：every day. / once a week. / three times a week. / often. / …
how often do you play tennis?
how often do you surf the internet?
(5) how old …? 询问年龄 how old are you? i am five.
(6) how about …? ……如何?……怎么样? how about going to the movies?
2. time 表示不可数名词，意为“时间”。
表示可数名词，意为“次数，倍数”
what time is it?
i go to the movies three times a week.
注意“次数”的表达方法
一次 once，两次 twice，三次或三次以上用基数词加上 times：
three times, five times, one hundred times
表示“……几次”的表达方法是：
once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
2. exercise v./ n. shop v./ n.
he often exercises on weekends.
we often do / take exercise on weekends.
we often shop on weekends.
there are many shops in the neighborhood.
4. as for 意为“就……而论;至于”
as for fruit，i eat it sometimes.
as for him，i never want to see him here.
至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。
5. my mother wants me to drink it.
我妈妈想要我喝。
want to do sth. 想要做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事
do you want to go to the movies with me?
你想和我一起去看电影吗?
i want you to help me with my math.
我想要你帮我学数学。
有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语：
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
6. she says it's good for my health.
她说它对我的健康有意。
be good for … 表示“对……有益(有好处)”
其反义为：be bad for … 对……有害/无益
it's good for us to do more reading.
多读书对我们有好处。
drinking milk is good for your health.
喝牛奶对你的健康有益。
reading english is good for studying english.
对英语对学习英语有益/有帮助。
reading in bed is bad for your eyes.
在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。
7. usually when i come home from school
通常是在我从学校回家时
when + 从句 当……时候
i often stay at home when it is rainy.
8. i try to eat a lot of vegetables. try to do sth. 尽量/尽力做某事
i'll try to learn english well. 我会尽量尝试学好英语的。
you must try to take more exercise. 你必须尽量多做运动。
9. i look after my health. look after 照顾
my brother is ill. i have to look after him today.
我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顾他。
all the students must look after the desks and chairs.
有的学生必须照看好课桌椅。
he often helps his mother look after his little sister.
他经常帮助他的妈妈照顾他的小弟弟。
10. my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
我健康的生活方式帮助我取得好的成绩。
help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
she often helps me learn math. 她经常帮助我学数学。
11. good food and exercise help me to study better.
好的食物和运动帮助我学习得更好。
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
12. is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
= is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle?
她的生活方式和你的一样或是不同?
be the same as … / be different from … 与……一样/与……不同
she looks the same as her sister. 她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。
this book is different from that one. 这本书跟那本书不一样。13. i think i'm kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。
kind of = a little a kind of 一种
14. maybe (adv.) = perhaps 也许，可能 maybe he knows the answer.
maybe they'll go skateboarding. he may know the answer.
15. although = though 虽然 although he's ill, he goes to school on time.
虽然他生病了，但他还是准时上学。
she eats a lot of chocolate, although she is very fat.
虽然她很胖，但她却吃许多的巧克力。
16. a lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.
a lot of = lots of = many/ much 许多
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态
keep quiet! the baby is sleeping.
那婴儿正在睡觉，保持安静!
we must keep our classroom clean.
我们必须保持我们的教室干净。
17. 注意 sometimes 与几个形似的词的区别。
(1) sometime 是副词，意为“在某个时候;某时”
will you come again sometime next week?
下周的某个时候你会再来吗?
she was there sometime last year.
她去年某时去过那。
(2) some time 是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用
i will stay here for some time.
我将在这呆一段时间。
he worked for that company for some time.
他为那家电脑公司工作了一阵子。
(3) some times 是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”
i met him some times in the street last month.
上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。
the factory is some times larger than that one.
这间工厂比那间大好几倍。
(4) sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”
he sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.
他有时周末去滑滑板。
18. that sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。
look(看起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象)，grow(变得) ,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。
it tastes good. 这味道好。
the music sounds very sweet.
这音乐听起来很入耳。
初二上册英语第一单元知识点
这篇关于初二上册英语第一单元知识点 ，是
1、如有always ,often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, once a....,every...用一般现在时，第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形，第三人称单数后跟动词加's'/'es'。
2、如有now ,look! ,listen, at the moment ....用现在进行时，结构是be (am, is, are) +v-ing
3、如有tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, from now on, in +一段时间, some day, next....用一般将来时，结构：will + v原 be going to +v原(没有动词用be )
4、如有yesterday, ......ago , last....just now.....用一般过去时动词加ed
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物 every day每天,
write down 写下，记下write it (them) down everyday每天的，日常的,
how about doing sth.=what about doing sth.做....怎么样 each other 互相.
thanks a lot= thank you very much非常谢谢
回答that's all right. =you're welcome.= that'ok.= it's my pleasure.=not at all.why don't you+v原...=why not+...v原 为什么不
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助别人 help sb. (to )do sth.帮助某人做某事
with one's help=with the help of sb.在某人的帮助help oneself to sth.请自用食物
watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事，(现在没有做，做过)
watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see, hear类似
remember to do sth.想起记得要做某事，未做事 remember doing sth.相起记得做过某事
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事
welcome back欢迎回来 , new term新学期
this term这学期 , next term 下学学期,
last term上学期, give you some advice给你一些建议,
why not 为什么不, make a mistake=make mistakes犯错误,
correct spelling正确的拼写, what else?=what other things? 还有什么
a piece of advice 一条建议, follow /take one's advice采用别人的建议,
send sth to sb.=send sb. sth. 寄给某人 send for派人去请/取
send up发射. all the time一直
enjoy oneself=have a good time=have a great time=have fun, 玩得愉快
lots of =a lot of =many(可数)much(不可数)许多 , ,
spend : sb. spend some time on sth.某人花费时间做某事
sb. spend some time (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间做某事
sb. spend some money on sth. 某人花费钱买某物
sb. spend some money (in) buying sth.某人花费钱买某物
cost: sth. cost sb. some money 某物花去某人钱
pay: sb. pay some money for sth. 某人支付钱
take: it takes (took) sb.some time to do sth.做某事花去某人时间
ask for 请求，要求, ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物
ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 a piece of一块
enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事.finish,practise, mind, miss ,consider,keep, continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式v-ing
place sth.in =put sth. in 把某物放在…里面
else常修饰不定代词，关系代词或副词，也可修饰all, much,little等，else要位于其后。所有格为else's.
take a deep breath深呼吸, catchhold one's breath屏住呼吸,
out of breath上气不接下气, wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事,
the number of …的数目，后跟名词复数，动词用三单, a number of =many,大量，许多后跟名词复数，动词用复数形式。a large number of， a small number of ,
invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 find+ it+ adj+to do sth.发现做某事怎么样
try to do sth.尽力做事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事
try not to do sth .尽力不做某事 try one's best尽某人的努力,
a group of 一组，一群, borrow sth from sb.从某人处借入某物,
lend sth.to sb=lend sb.sth.借给某人某物 keep借一段时间
practice doing sth.,练习做做某事 come from=be from来自,
look for 寻找, look after=care for=take care of照顾
look up 向上看，查阅, look like看起来像,
look at 看着, look on sb. as把某人看作,
look forward to doing sth. 盼望，期待做某事 look over检查，翻阅 ,
look out当心，向外看 , look through仔细查看,
be ready for =get ready for=prepare for为…, be ready准备好 ,
be (get ) ready to do sth.准备做某事，乐意做某事 translate…into… 将…译成…，
take a message捎个信， leave a message留个信，
be good for 对…有好处， be good at =do well in擅长于…
be poor at =be bad at =do badly in=be weak in不擅长… think of 想起，
think about想出， think over仔细考虑，
else修饰不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,
nobody和who, what,when,where时放后，
四说，1,speak说语言，2.say说内容，3,talk与谁说，4,tell告诉，讲述，
四看，1,watch观看电视，比赛和表演，2,see看人，电影，医生，风景，
3,read看书，报，4,look就看。 看场电影要用see，读书看报用read 电视、戏剧、比赛，凡是表演用watch,observe细观察，一时注意用notice.
make+宾语+补足语(形容词)使某人某物怎么样。
.make+宾语+do 让某人做某事
make+宾语+过去分词 使某人被怎么样;make friends with sb.与某人交朋友，
hear of听说， hear from收到某人的来信，
be bad for对…有害， it is +adj.+of sb +to do sth.写性格，品质 kind, good
nice ,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。
it is+adj+for sb +to do sth. 对物的评价difficult,easy hard,dangerous,important,等
write to… 给…写信， next to 在…旁边，
do some concerts办音乐会， speak to sb.和某人讲话，
say hello to sb. 给某人问好， say bye to sb.向某人说再见，
show sb. around somewhere带某人参观某地， learn sth from sb.向某人学习
choose the correct answers选择正确答案, correct the mistakes改错,
match …with…把…和…搭配起来
建议：1.why don't you do sth?=why not do sth?
2.how about doing sth?=what about doing sth?
3.you should /can do sth. 4.remember to do sth.
5.don't forget to do sth. 6.can you do sth ?
7.let's do sth. 8.it'sa good idea to do
9.would you like to do ? 10.shall we do
11.you'd better (not )do sth.
回答：that's a good idea.thanks a lot.
great, ok. that's right. all right. good idea. sure.
二、句型
1. 疑问词 how 的用法
(1) 怎样，用什么手段，方法/交通工具
how are you? / how is she?
how did he do it? / i don't know how to swim.
how do you come to school?
(2) 情况如何(指身体健康状况) how are you?
(3) how many，how much 表示"多少"其中how much 还可以表示钱数。
how many 后接可数名词复数，how much 接不可数名词。
how many times do you go to the park?
how many pens do you want?
how much water do we drink every day?
how much are those pants?
(4) how often 是对动作发生的“次数”提问，询问的是频率“多久一次”
回答可以是：every day. / once a week. / three times a week. / often. / …
how often do you play tennis?
how often do you surf the internet?
(5) how old …? 询问年龄 how old are you? i am five.
(6) how about …? ……如何?……怎么样? how about going to the movies?
2. time 表示不可数名词，意为“时间”。
表示可数名词，意为“次数，倍数”
what time is it?
i go to the movies three times a week.
注意“次数”的表达方法
一次 once，两次 twice，三次或三次以上用基数词加上 times：
three times, five times, one hundred times
表示“……几次”的表达方法是：
once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
2. exercise v./ n. shop v./ n.
he often exercises on weekends.
we often do / take exercise on weekends.
we often shop on weekends.
there are many shops in the neighborhood.
4. as for 意为“就……而论;至于”
as for fruit，i eat it sometimes.
as for him，i never want to see him here.
至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。
5. my mother wants me to drink it.
我妈妈想要我喝。
want to do sth. 想要做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事
do you want to go to the movies with me?
你想和我一起去看电影吗?
i want you to help me with my math.
我想要你帮我学数学。
有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语：
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
6. she says it's good for my health.
她说它对我的健康有意。
be good for … 表示“对……有益(有好处)”
其反义为：be bad for … 对……有害/无益
it's good for us to do more reading.
多读书对我们有好处。
drinking milk is good for your health.
喝牛奶对你的健康有益。
reading english is good for studying english.
对英语对学习英语有益/有帮助。
reading in bed is bad for your eyes.
在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。
7. usually when i come home from school
通常是在我从学校回家时
when + 从句 当……时候
i often stay at home when it is rainy.
8. i try to eat a lot of vegetables. try to do sth. 尽量/尽力做某事
i'll try to learn english well. 我会尽量尝试学好英语的。
you must try to take more exercise. 你必须尽量多做运动。
9. i look after my health. look after 照顾
my brother is ill. i have to look after him today.
我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顾他。
all the students must look after the desks and chairs.
有的学生必须照看好课桌椅。
he often helps his mother look after his little sister.
他经常帮助他的妈妈照顾他的小弟弟。
10. my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
我健康的生活方式帮助我取得好的成绩。
help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
she often helps me learn math. 她经常帮助我学数学。
11. good food and exercise help me to study better.
好的食物和运动帮助我学习得更好。
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
12. is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
= is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle?
她的生活方式和你的一样或是不同?
be the same as … / be different from … 与……一样/与……不同
she looks the same as her sister. 她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。
this book is different from that one. 这本书跟那本书不一样。
13. i think i'm kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。
kind of = a little a kind of 一种
14. maybe (adv.) = perhaps 也许，可能 maybe he knows the answer.
maybe they'll go skateboarding. he may know the answer.
15. although = though 虽然 although he's ill, he goes to school on time.
虽然他生病了，但他还是准时上学。
she eats a lot of chocolate, although she is very fat.
虽然她很胖，但她却吃许多的巧克力。
16. a lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.
a lot of = lots of = many/ much 许多
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
keep + 形容词 表保持某种状态
keep quiet! the baby is sleeping.
那婴儿正在睡觉，保持安静!
we must keep our classroom clean.
我们必须保持我们的教室干净。
17. 注意 sometimes 与几个形似的词的区别。
(1) sometime 是副词，意为“在某个时候;某时”
will you come again sometime next week?
下周的某个时候你会再来吗?
she was there sometime last year.
她去年某时去过那。
(2) some time 是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用
i will stay here for some time.
我将在这呆一段时间。
he worked for that company for some time.
他为那家电脑公司工作了一阵子。
(3) some times 是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”
i met him some times in the street last month.
上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。
the factory is some times larger than that one.
这间工厂比那间大好几倍。
(4) sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”
he sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.
他有时周末去滑滑板。
18. that sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。
look(看起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(觉得)，seem(好象)，grow(变得) ,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。
it tastes good. 这味道好。
the music sounds very sweet.
这音乐听起来很入耳。
初一下册英语1-6单元知识点人教版
unit 1 can you play the guitar ?1、can+动词原形，它不随主语和数而变化。(1)含有can的肯定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。(2)变一般疑问句时，把can提前：can+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：yes，主语+can。否定回答：no，主语+can't.(3)含有can的否定句：主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。(4)含有can的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？2、may+动词的原形。（may为情态动词）一般疑问句是把may提前，肯定回答是：yes，主语 +may。否定回答是：no，主语+mustn't。或please don't。join+某个组织，俱乐部，party，参军，党派等 “加入”join sb. “参加到某人中” join in (doing)sth “加入做......，参加某个活动” join in=take part in +活动，比赛3、说某种语言：speak+语言 4、play+球、棋、牌；play+the+乐器。5、擅长于（做）什么：be good at +名词/动ing6、帮助某人做某事：help sb. (to ) do sth. help sb. with sth.7、我能知道你名字吗？may i know your name?8、想要做什么：want to do sth 例如：i want to learn about art.9、what club do you want to join?i want to join the chess club and the basketball club.10、what club does tom want to join? he wants to join the swimming club .11、he can’t play the violin or the piano. can you help kids with swimming?12、why do you want to join the english club? because i want to learn english well.unit 2 what time do you go to school ?1、what time和when引导的特殊疑问句。(1)对时间提问用what time，也可以用when。询问钟点时用what time，询问日期、月份、年份时用when。(2)询问做某事的时间时，两者可以互换。 (3)其他询问时间的句子：what's the time? =what time is it?现在几点了？时刻表达法：顺读法和逆读法。(1)顺读法：“钟点+分钟”直接读数字。(2)逆读法：借助介词past或to表示，要先说分再说钟点。a.当分钟不超过30分钟时（包括30分钟），即30，用to表示。其结构为：“所差分钟（即60—所过分钟数）+to+下一个整点”，to译成“差”，差几分钟到几点。c.当分钟为30分钟用half表示，当分钟为15分钟用a quarter。2、always 总是>usually 通常>often常常>sometime 有时3、watch+tv、球赛 “观看，观赏”，特指长时间注视。see+电影、医生 “看见”，强调看的结果。look “看”，强调看的动作，look后接宾语时要用介词at。read+书刊、杂志 “阅读”4、listen to +宾语 6、take a shower “淋浴” 7、eat breakfast 吃早餐5、go to +地点名词 如：go to school go+地点副词 如：go homeunit 3 how do you get to school?一、本单元知识点总结1.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁3.take the train 坐火车 4.leave for 到……地方去，离开去某地5.take…to…把……带到…… 6. most students 大多数学生7. from…to…从……到…… 8.think of 想到，想起9.ride bikes 骑自行车 10.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方11. how far 多远 (路程、距离) 12.how long多长（时间）13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方15.go to school by boat乘船去上学 16.on the school bus乘坐校车17.be different from和……不同 18.one 11-year old boy 一个十一岁大的男孩二、重点知识详解1.take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词，乘……去某地，是动词短语，在句中作谓语。he takes the train. take the subway乘地铁 take a walk散步 take a shower洗个澡take a rest休息一会 take a seat 坐下 take some medicine 吃药2.by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/one’s+表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语作方式状语。i get to school by bike. = i get to school on my bike.3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词，步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a busdrive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a carfly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.4.get表示“到达”，后接名词需加to，接地点副词不加to.reach 给示到达，是及物动词，其后直接接宾语。arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 后接副词不需介词。5. it takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱6. how far is it from a to b?=how far is b from a?答语有两种：w ww.x kb 1.c om（1） it’s…meters/miles/kilometers(away)有……米/英里/千米（远）（2） it ‘s about ten minutes’ walk/ ride. 大约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程。7have to 后加动词原形，侧重客观的需要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多种时态形式，否定式为don’t have to(needn’t)意为“不必”。must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有现在时一种形式,否定式must’t意为“一定不要，不允许，禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。8.感谢用语：thank you very much , thanks a lot , many thanks.回答感谢用语的句子：that’s ok /all right. 不用谢。you are welcome 不客气。 it is my pleasure./my pleasure./it is a pleasure.不客气、那是我的荣幸。/don’t mention it。别在意。 it was nothing at all.那没什么。三、语法归纳（一）how 引导的特殊疑问句1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式，其答语分三种情况：a. take a/an/the+交通工具（单数）b. by+交通工具（单数）c. on/in+限定词+交通工具2. how far 用来提问距离，多远，其答语分为两种：（1）用长度单位表示：it is five kilometers.（2）用时间表示：it’s twenty minutes’ walk.3.how long 用来提问时间，意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。----how long have you learnt english?----for 3 years.how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间， 常用于将来时态时， 常用“in+时间段”来回答。――how soon will you arrive in beijing?----in 3 hours.unit 4 don’t eat in class肯定的祈使句：(1) 实义动词原形+其他； (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他； (3) let sb do sth.否定的祈使句：(1) don’t+实义动词+原形； (2) don’t be+形容词+其他；(3) don’t let sb do sth (4) no+ving.练：(1) my mother said to me, “tom, _______ in bed.”a. not read b. doesn’t read c. don’t read d. didn’t read(2) don’t __________ (fight). = no __________ (fight).2. 不要迟到：don’t arrive late. = don’t be late. (arrive = be)上课/上学不要迟到：don’t arrive (be) late for class/school.3. 主语省略（无主语）：don’t arrive late for class.主语不省略（有主语）：we can’t arrive ;ate for class.4. 在学校我们必须穿校服：we have to wear uniforms at school.句型：不得不/必须做某事：have to do sth否定：不必做某事：don’t have to do sth穿校服：单数：wear a uniform 复数：wear uniforms练：(1) – i can’t stop smoking, doctor. – for your health, i’m afraid you ______.a. can b. may c. must d. have to5. 在我家里有太多的规矩：i have too many rules in my house.词组：太多…：too many…6. 我从来没有任何快乐：i never have any fun.(never译为“从来没有”，表示否定，否定句中表示“任何，一些”，用any)7. 不要大声说话：don’t talk loudly.请大声说：speak loudly, please.8. 他擅长于唱歌：he is good at singing.句型：擅长于做某事：be good at doing sth9. 表示“地点”的词组：(1) 在教室里：in the classroom 在课堂上：in class(2) 在走廊上：in the hallways 在学校里：at school = in school10. 表示“时间”的词组：(1) 下课后：after class 放学后：after school(2) 在上学的白天/晚上：on school days/nights 比较：at night(3) 到晚上10点钟之前：by 10 o’clock p.m.11. (1) with 和； 如：he lives in beijing with my parents. (不能用and)(2) with 戴着； 如：do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用wears)(3) with 有着； 如：it’s an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)unit5 why do you like pandas?1. –让我们先去看考拉。-- let’s see the koalas first. (first翻译为“首先”)–你为什么最喜欢考拉？-- why do you like koalas best? (best翻译为“最”)--因为它们很可爱。-- because they are very cute.句型：让某人做某事：let sb do sth2. –你为什么不喜欢老虎？-- why don’t you like tigers?--因为它们有点吓人。-- because they are kind of scary.① 在此处，表示“不”，只要在do后加not即可。② 有点…：kind of+形容词 = a little+形容词3. 你还喜欢别的什么动物？ what other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗？ do you like to work with other young people?this isn’t my sweater. it’s __________ (you).are all these children __________ (you)?4. 他是一个8岁的男孩：he is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名词boy, 用连字符，year用原形)他8岁：he is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符，岁数大于1，year变复数)5. 请保持安静：please be quiet. = please keep quiet. (keep译为“保持”，= be)6. 他每天通常睡和放松20个小时：he usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.每天：every day (要分开) 连在一起的everyday翻译为“日常的”，是个形容词。7. 和某人玩：play with sb (倒翻)8. 在白天：during the day = in the day 在此处，during = in9. 在晚上：at night = in the evening 在上学的晚上/白天：on school nights/days10. 吃草：eat grass 吃叶子：eat leaves (leaf的复数形式) 吃肉：eat meat11. 相似单词比较：(1) 草：grass (不可数，无复数) (2) 玻璃：glass 复数：glasses 眼镜12. 汉语：因为…，所以… 英语：because…, so… (不能同时出现在一个句子中)汉语：虽然…，但是… 英语：though…, but… (只能使用其中一个)如：_______ tom is tired, _______ he wants to have a food rest.a. because, so b. though, but c. /, so d. /, but13. (1) first num. 第一； 如：sunday is the first day of a week.(2) first adv. 首先；首先：at first 如：let’s see the koalas first.14. (1) best adv. 最； 如：why do you like koalas best?(2) best adj. 的； 如：who do you think is the best teacher in your class?15. (1) very adv. 非常（放在形容词前）； 如：the koalas are very cute.(2) very much 非常（放在动词后）； 如：thank you very much.16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类； 如：there are many kinds of anmals in the zoo.what kind of noodles would you like?(2) kind of = a little adv. 有点；（无形式变化） 如：he is kind of lazy.(3) kind adj. 和蔼的，友善的； 如：it’s kind of you to help me with my english.17. 树叶：leaf 复数：leaves 变化规则：去f加ves;18. 小偷：thief 复数：thieves 变化规则：去f加ves.unit6 i’m watching tv1. 现在进行时的结构：主语+be+ving. (be动词和动词+ing两者缺一不可)考题形式：(1) 已知be动词，考后面的动词形式（要加ing）；(2) 已知后面的动词+ing, 则前面用be动词。如：(1) the boy is _________ (run) with his father.(2) some children are __________ (lie) on the grass.(3) my brother and i are __________ (play) soccer.(4) his sister is __________ (read) a book.2. --你正在做什么？-- what are you doing? --我正在看电视。-- i’m watching tv.3. 那听起来很棒：that sounds great/good.4. 谢谢你的信和照片：thanks for your letter and the photos.① 谢谢某东西：thanks for sth ② 句型：谢谢做某事：thanks for doing sth5. 这是我的一些照片：here are some of my photos. (“一些照片”是“复数”，be用are)这是我的一张全家福照片：here is a photo of my family. (“一张照片”是“单数”，be用is)6. 句型：忙于做某事：be busy doing sth如：his brother is busy _________ (write) stories in his room.7. 表示“活动”的“动词词组”① 做家庭作业：do one’s homework ② 打扫房间：clean the room③ 吃晚饭：eat dinner ④ 打电话：talk on the phone = make a telephone call⑤ 看书/看报/看杂志：read books, read newspapers, read magazines⑥ (学生)上课：have an english class (老师)上课：give an english class⑦ 举行晚会：have an evening party ⑧ 和某人说再见：say goodbye to sb8. 在购物中心：at the mall 在游泳池：at the (swimming) pool在学校：at school 在体育馆里：in the gym9. 在第一张照片中：in the first photo 在第二张照片中：in the second photo在下一张照片中：in the next photo 在最后一张照片中：in the last photo10. 等汽车：wait for the bus 在汽车站等(某人)：wait (for sb) at the bus stop11. 我的兄弟和我：my brother and i (要把“我”放在后面)12. (身体)好，健康：well = fine 如：-- how is your mother? -- she is _______.13. 活动：activity 复数：activities (以辅音字母+y结尾的，去y加ies)玩具：toy 复数：toys (以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加s)14. (1) 也：also 用于“肯定句的句中”；(2) 也：too 用于“肯定句的句末，前加逗号”；(3) 也：either 用于“否定句的句末，前加逗号”。15. (1) show n. 节目；如：tv show, sports show, game show, talk show(2) show v. 给…看；如：can you show me your family photo?i’ll show you the way.(3) show v. 表演；如：can you show us beijing opear?一般现在时 the simple present tense一般现在时表示现在的状态 ；表示经常性或习惯性的动作；表示主语具备的性格和能力等。例如：1、he is twelve. 他十二岁。2、i go to school at seven every day.3、they speak japanese.一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。1. i often read books in the evening.2. do they usually go to school by bike?3. he doesn’t like milk. he never drinks it.4. sometimes my mother gets back at five.一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on sunday(s), at seven 等。do they have math in the morning?she sleeps nine hours every night.it takes me two hours to do my homework every day.they don’t have classes on sundays.它有三种形式：一、谓语是be的一般现在时。1、肯定形式是：主语+be+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。2、否定形式是：主语+be+not+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）。3、一般疑问句是：be+主语+表语（形容词、名词充当表语）?肯定回答是：yes,主语+be. 否定回答是：no, 主语+ be+not.4、特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词+be开头的一般疑问句?注意：be要随着主语变。二、谓语是情态动词can/may.....+动词原形的一般现在时。1、肯定形式是：主语+情态动词can/may.....+动词原形+宾语。2、否定形式是：主语+情态动词can/may.....+not+动词原形+宾语。3、一般疑问句是：情态动词can/may.....++动词原形+主语+宾语。肯定回答是：yes,主语+情态动词. 否定回答是：no, 主语+ 情态动词+not.4、特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词+情态动词can/may.....开头的一般疑问句？注意：情态动词can/may.....+动词原形。三、谓语动词是实义动词及物动词或不及物动词的一般现在时。1、肯定形式是：“主语+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+不及物动词”。2、否定形式是：“主语+don't/doesn't+及物动词+宾语”或“主语+don't/doesn't+不及物动词”。3、一般疑问句是：“do/does+主语+及物动词原形+宾语”或“do/does+主语+不及物动词原形”。肯定回答是：yes,主语+do/does. 否定回答是：no, 主语+ don't/doesn't.4、特殊疑问句是：特殊疑问词+do/does开头的一般疑问句？注意：根据主语确定用do还是does。动词第三人称单数的构成：（用于第三人称单数、可数名词的单数和不可数名词的一般现在时中）1、直接加--slook—looksread—readsplay—plays stop—stops2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加--esmiss—missesfix—fixes watch—watches wash—washesgo—goesdo--does3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-escarry–carries study–studieshurry–hurriescry–cries4.特殊的have -- has现在进行时（1）构成形式：be动词+动词的ing形式这里强调一点，两者缺少其中任何一种都不可以构成现在进行时。（2）现在进行时表示动作正在进行或事情正在发生。（3）有用的依据：一个句子中既有be动词，又有动词，且动词加了ing ←→ 该句是现在进行时（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等词。动词现在分词的变化见下表：词尾情况 变化方式 例词一般情况 加—ing play玩—playing do做—doinggo去—going jump跳—jumpingsing唱—singing ski滑雪—skiingsee看见--seeing以不发音的e结尾 去e加—ing make做—making take拿到—takinglike喜欢—liking come来—comingwrite写—writing dance跳舞—dancinghave有—having close关—closing以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写最后一个辅音字母再加—ing swim游泳—swimming sit坐—sittingrun跑—running get得到—gettingput放—putting begin开始—beginningjog慢跑—jogging同音词： too---two----to buy---by i---eye four----for there----theirright----write sun----son no----know here---hear who’s----whose近义词： many----a lot of / lots of large----big desk----tablephoto---picture lamp----light like----love反义词或对应词：old----new go----come big----smallopen----close black----white here----there完整形式：let’s=let us(让我们) i’d=i would can’t=can not i’m=i am词性变换：one(序数词) first monkey（复数）monkeys skiing(原形)skiis（复数）are families（单数）family make（现在分词）makingwe are(缩略形式)we’re do(第三人称单数)does have(第三人称单数)hasphoto(复数)photos good(反义词)bad做题目时一定要记住：can+动词原形like+动词inglike+名词复数play+足球类 play the +乐器类how many +名词复数would like +to+动词原形let’s+动词原形现在进行时：be(am,is,are)+动词ing动词第三人称单数形式
初一下册英语第一单元知识点
【导语】下面是
课前预习资料 学习目标 1. to talk about where people are from . 2. to talk about countries , cities , and languages . 3. to get some knowledge about geography in english . 4. to get information about different cultures . 学习内容 a. 主要句型： 1. where is your pen pal from ? 你的笔友来自哪里? 2. she is frommexico. 她来自墨西哥。 3. where does she live ? 她住在什么地方? 4. she lives in mexico city . 她住在墨西哥城。 5. what language does she speak ? 她讲什么语言? 6. she speaks english and spanish . 她讲英语和西班牙语。 7. does she speak french ? 她讲 法语吗? b. 主要词汇： countries : brazil , south korea , japan , the united states , canada , australia , mexico , argentina , china , the united kingdom , france , germany , new zealand languages : chinese , japanese , german , french , english , spanish , portuguese , korean other words : pal , pen pal , south , country , new york , rio de janeiro , tokyo , live , language , easy , step , beginner , advanced , conversational , introduce , written , world , ottawa , place , physics , enjoy , frequency , nationality , dislike 难点解析 1. to ask about where people are from . 询问人们来自哪里。 a. be from “来自” (1)where is your pen pal from ? “你的笔友来自哪里?” (2)mary and tony are from the united states . “mary 和tony来自美国。” (3)i’m / i am from china . “我来自中国。” b. come from “来自” (1)where do you come from ? “你来自什么地方?” (2)where does your pen pal come from ? “你的笔友来自哪里?” (3)my pen pal comes from korea . “我的笔友是韩国人。” (4)they come from russia . “他们来自俄罗斯。” 2. to ask about what languages people speak . 询问人们讲什么语言。 (1)what language do you speak ? 你讲什么语言? (2)i speak chinese . 我讲汉语。 (3)what language does your pen pal speak ? 你的笔友讲什么语言? (4)he speaks japanese and a little english . 他讲日语，也讲一点英语。 注意：“说”某种语言，要用“speak”. 不能用其他的动词。 3. to ask about where people live . 询问人们居住地。 (1)where do you live ? 你住在哪里? i live in beijing . 我住在北京。 (2)where does your pen friend live ? 你的笔友住在什么地方? she lives in washington . 她住在华盛顿。 注意：表示在某个城市，介词用“in” 如：in new york in tokyo in mexico city 4. i like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports . like“喜欢”，后多跟动词ing形式。 如：i like listening to music ! my father likes watching tv. boys like playing balls. 5. can you write to me soon ? 你可以快些给我写信吗? write to sb . “给某人写信” i write to my pen pal twice (两次)a month . 我每月给我的笔友写两次信。 sometimes i write to my parents . 6. i enjoy physics class at school . enjoy “非常喜欢”，指可以从中得到乐趣。 e.g. i enjoy listening to classical music . 听古典音乐是种享受。 he enjoys his meals . 他非常满意饭菜。 课后复习资料 一.短语： 1 .be from = come from 来自于---- 2. live in 居住在--- 3. on weekends 在周末 4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人 5 .in the world 在世界上 6.in china 在中国 7.pen pal 笔友 8. 14 years old 14岁 9.favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 10.the united states 美国the united kingdom 英国new york 纽 11.speak english 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎 12.go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动 二.重点句式： 1 where’s your pen pal from? = where does your pen pal from/ 2 where does he live? 3 what language(s) does he speak? 4 i want a pen pal in china. 5 i can speak english and a little french. 6 please write and tell me about yourself. 7 can you write to me soon? 8 i like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 三.本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。 1 canada---- canadian---- english / french 2 france------ french------french 3 japan------japanese----japanese 4 australia----australian----- english 5 the united states------ american---- english 6 the united kingdom---british----- enghis
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